On-road emission tests for vehicles plying on Indian roads will be mandatory once the Bharat Stage VI emission norm kicks in from 2020, claim industry sources. They add that the testing agency ARAI is developing a unified test cycle for the same. The Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) is said to be devising ways to determine the on-road emission benchmarks at different stages of vehicle lifetime in the aftermath of the Volkswagen emission cheating scandal which broke out in 2015. In December 2015, at the Volkswagen emission cheating scandal came to light in USA, heavy industries ministry had told the agency to conduct checks on emission levels of diesel passenger vehicles in India over a period of six months. The ministry was told that the same can be taken up as part of the migration to BSVI emission standards. Data collection for conducting on-road emission tests is claimed to have begun. This is expected to help ARAI to develop a unified test cycle, which the manufacturers can use to map their vehicles for lab as well as on-road performance.